RECENT research has investigated the integration of ChatGPT, a cutting-edge AI language model, into problem-based learning (PBL) to enhance medical education, particularly in urology. This study found that combining these two approaches offers significant potential for improving both theoretical knowledge and clinical skills among medical students.
PBL is a student-centred teaching method that encourages learners to independently explore and solve real-world problems. It has been shown to improve critical thinking and clinical reasoning skills compared to traditional lecture-based teaching. The recent study highlights that ChatGPT, with its ability to process vast amounts of medical information, can serve as an effective tool within the PBL framework.
The study found that students using ChatGPT in conjunction with PBL reported higher satisfaction levels and improved performance in theoretical assessments. ChatGPT’s ability to provide personalised learning experiences, simulate clinical scenarios, and offer case analyses was identified as a key factor in these outcomes. Students appreciated the interactive and flexible nature of the AI tool, which allowed them to tailor their learning experience to individual needs.
However, the research also identified several challenges. ChatGPT exhibited an approximate error rate of 15%, primarily due to difficulties in understanding technical medical terminology and context-specific nuances. This study emphasised the importance of students learning to construct precise prompts to mitigate these issues. Teachers were also found to play a critical role in supervising AI-generated information to ensure its accuracy and relevance.
Another concern raised by the research was the potential for over-reliance on AI tools like ChatGPT. The study cautioned that dependence on AI could hinder the development of essential interpersonal skills, such as empathy and emotional intelligence, which are crucial for medical professionals.
While this study demonstrated the significant advantages of integrating ChatGPT with PBL, it concluded that the AI tool should complement, rather than replace, traditional teaching methods. The research recommended further exploration into the individual effects of ChatGPT and PBL, as well as investigations into alternative AI systems, to refine their use in medical education.
Katie Wright, EMJ
Reference
Hui Z et al. Application of ChatGPT-assisted problem-based learning teaching method in clinical medical education. BMC Med Educ. 2025;25(1):50.
