ADIPOSE-derived stem cells (ADSCs) may offer a groundbreaking new approach to treating systemic sclerosis (SSc), according to a recent study. SSc is a complex autoimmune disorder characterized by progressive fibrosis and vascular abnormalities, affecting both skin and internal organs. Current treatments remain limited in effectiveness, prompting researchers to investigate innovative solutions such as ADSC therapy through fat grafting.
The study highlights the unique regenerative and immunomodulatory properties of ADSCs, which have been shown to influence immune responses and reduce fibrosis. These stem cells interact with key immune players—including T cells, B cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells—by releasing cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. The result is a suppression of inflammation and a shift toward a more balanced immune response. Additionally, ADSCs impact the extracellular matrix by secreting signaling molecules like exosomes, which may help prevent or even reverse fibrosis.
Unlike bone marrow-derived stem cells, ADSCs are readily available and can be harvested through minimally invasive procedures such as liposuction. Clinical applications have primarily focused on fat grafting, where processed lipoaspirate is reinjected into fibrotic areas to improve skin elasticity and reduce fibrosis. Another promising technique involves isolating the stromal vascular fraction (SVF), a component rich in regenerative cells, which may further enhance therapeutic outcomes. Patients with SSc, particularly those experiencing severe skin fibrosis in the face and hands, have shown improvements in skin quality and vascularization following ADSC treatment.
Despite these promising early findings, researchers emphasize the need for further studies to refine treatment protocols and fully understand the mechanisms behind ADSC therapy. As interest in regenerative medicine grows, ADSCs could represent a major shift in the management of systemic sclerosis, offering new hope to patients struggling with this debilitating disease.
Reference: Storti G et al. A Comprehensive Exploration of the Biological Effects of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in the Treatment of Systemic Sclerosis. Cells. 2025;14(6):458.
Anaya Malik | AMJ
