Prof Buhl has provided lecturing and consulting activities for Aerocrine, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi, GSK, Grifols, Novartis, Roche, Takeda, and Teva. He receives research support (Mainz University) from Boehringer Ingelheim, GSK, Novartis, and Roche. Prof Anderson has received compensation from Boehringer Ingelheim, AstraZeneca, MundiPharma, Novartis, Menarini, Takeda, and GSK for participating in meetings and advisory boards. Prof Busse is a consultant for Novartis, GSK, Genentech, and Roche. He serves on data monitoring boards and study oversight committees for Boston Scientific, Genentech, and ICON, and has research/organisational interests in AAAAI, ATS, AAP, ACAAI, AAI, ACP, CIM, NHLBI, and NIAID. Prof Lötvall has relationships with AbdiIbrahim, Aerovant, AstraZeneca, GSK, Novartis, MSD, and UCB. Prof Price is a board member for Aerocrine, Almirall, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi, Meda, Mundipharma, Napp, Novartis, and Teva. He provides consultancy for Almirall, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi, GSK, Meda, Mundipharma, Napp, Novartis, Pfizer, and Teva. He has grants and grants pending from the UK National Health Service, British Lung Foundation, Aerocrine, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi, Eli Lilly, GSK, Meda, Merck, Mundipharma, Novartis, Orion, Pfizer, Respiratory Effectiveness Group, Takeda, Teva, and Zentiva. He has received payments for lectures/speaking/manuscripts/educational materials from Almirall, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi, Cipla, GSK, Kyorin, Meda, Merck, Mundipharma, Novartis, Pfizer, SkyePharma, Takeda, and Teva. He owns shares in AKL Ltd., which produces phytopharmaceuticals and owns 80% of Research in Real Life Ltd. and its subsidiary social enterprise, Optimum Patient Care. He has unrestricted funding for investigator-initiated studies from Aerocrine, AKL Ltd., Almirall, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi, Meda, Mundipharma, Napp, Novartis, Orion, Takeda, Teva, and Zentiva.