A STUDY presented at the American Epilepsy Society Annual Meeting has uncovered significant gaps in understanding the impact of antiseizure medications (ASMs) on birth defects and birth control effectiveness. Many individuals of childbearing potential are unaware that certain ASMs can increase the risk of birth defects or interfere with the effectiveness of their contraceptives, researchers found.
The study surveyed 107 people, aged 18 to 49, who were taking ASMs, asking about their medication use, pregnancy plans, and contraceptive methods. The results revealed that nearly two-thirds of participants answered at least one question incorrectly about the safety of their ASMs in pregnancy or how their medication and birth control might interact. Only 36% of participants were receiving care that aligned with their reproductive goals, such as using folic acid when pregnant or choosing highly effective contraception when not.
Certain ASMs, including valproic acid, carbamazepine, and topiramate, are known to raise the risk of birth defects. Additionally, medications like carbamazepine and phenytoin can reduce the effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives, while birth control methods like hormonal pills or patches can make ASMs such as lamotrigine and valproate less effective.
The findings suggest the need for improved education and collaboration between neurology and reproductive health care providers. Ensuring patients receive coordinated care and are informed about the risks associated with ASMs and birth control is essential to help them make informed decisions regarding their reproductive health.
Helena Bradbury | AMJ
Reference
American Epilepsy Society. People with Epilepsy of Childbearing Potential May Not Realize the Risks their Medications Pose to Pregnancy or Birth Control. 2024. Available at: https://aesnet.org/about/aes-press-room/press-releases/people-with-epilepsy-of-childbearing-potential-may-not-realize-the-risks-their-medications–pose-to-pregnancy-or-birth-control. Last accessed: December 12 2024.
