RESEARCHERS have developed wireless, subcellular-sized devices that can wrap around individual neurons, potentially offering a novel treatment approach for neurological disorders like multiple sclerosis. These devices, composed of azobenzene, a soft polymer, conform to neuronal structures such as axons and dendrites when activated by light, providing precise modulation and measurement capabilities without requiring a battery. This innovative approach could aid in restoring neuron function by serving as synthetic myelin, the protective coating that insulates axons, making it a promising option for diseases characterized by myelin degradation.
To create these microscopic wearables, researchers used a stamping process to mold azobenzene into thin films, which they then shaped into microtubes using controlled light exposure. These microtubes are less than a micrometer in diameter, allowing them to wrap snugly around neurons without causing damage. After extensive testing, the researchers confirmed the biocompatibility of these devices, demonstrating their potential to integrate safely with neurons. The devices maintained their shapes for several days and showed no adverse effects when applied to rat neurons, proving effective even on curved and slender axonal structures.
This advancement could significantly impact clinical practice by introducing a minimally invasive method to interface with neurons and potentially restore function in patients with neurodegenerative diseases. The future integration of electronic circuits within these devices could enable precise monitoring and modulation of neuronal activity, opening new pathways for treating and managing brain disorders. Additionally, targeting specific cell types or regions with functionalized device surfaces could broaden applications for various neurological conditions. Further research will focus on integrating sensors and nanoscale conductive materials to enable electrical, optical, and thermal signal transmission within these devices, fostering the next generation of neural treatments.
Reference
Airaghi Leccardi MJI et al. Light-induced rolling of azobenzene polymer thin films for wrapping subcellular neuronal structures. Commun Chem. 2024;(7)249.
