Pharmacy Closures Threaten Community Care Access

INDEPENDENT pharmacies and those in predominantly Black and Latinx neighborhoods face a growing crisis as retail pharmacy closures surge, impacting access to care and community health.

A new study reveals that nearly 30% of U.S. retail pharmacies closed between 2010 and 2021, with closures accelerating from 2018 to 2021. Independent pharmacies and those located in predominantly Black and Latinx communities were disproportionately affected. These findings highlight a critical challenge for healthcare access, especially in underserved areas.

Researchers analyzed data from the National Council for Prescription Drug Programs, linking it to county-level statistics and ZIP code demographics. The results underscore a stark reality: independent pharmacies are at significantly higher risk of closing compared to chain pharmacies, regardless of location.

Neighborhood characteristics played a pivotal role in closure risk. Pharmacies in predominantly Black and Latinx communities were more likely to close than those in predominantly White areas. This disparity raises concerns about equity in access to essential medications and healthcare services, particularly for vulnerable populations.

Policy experts are urging measures to protect at-risk pharmacies. Recommendations include integrating independent pharmacies into Medicare and Medicaid preferred networks and increasing reimbursement rates under public insurance plans. Such interventions could bolster the financial viability of these pharmacies and ensure continued service in high-need areas.

For healthcare professionals, these closures signal a potential disruption in patient care continuity. Reduced access to local pharmacies may lead to delays in medication adherence, particularly for chronic conditions.

As policymakers debate solutions, the healthcare community can play a vital role in advocating for equitable access and supporting pharmacy networks that serve vulnerable populations.

Reference: Guadamuz JS et al. More US pharmacies closed than opened in 2018–21; independent pharmacies, those in Black, Latinx communities most at risk. Health Aff. 2024;43(12).

Anaya Malik | AMJ