How is Addison’s Disease Managed?

ADDISON’S disease is a rare but serious endocrine disorder, which presents unique challenges for healthcare providers. The disease is characterized by insufficient production of adrenal hormones, which can lead to life-threatening adrenal crises. Healthcare professionals can support patients with the condition by prioritising early diagnosis and effective management, as these are crucial for enhancing life expectancy for these patients.

Clinicians must be careful to monitor symptoms such as chronic fatigue, muscle weakness, and unexplained weight loss. Due to such nonspecific symptoms, the disease may be misdiagnosed. Early identification is critical, as untreated Addison’s disease can result in severe complications, including cardiovascular collapse and shock.
Diagnosis typically involves a combination of clinical evaluation, hormone level tests, and imaging studies to assess adrenal gland function. Treatment primarily includes hormone replacement therapy to restore normal adrenal function.

Research suggests ongoing patient education about stress management and medication adherence is essential to prevent adrenal crises, especially in situations of physical stress or illness. Healthcare professionals must consider the psychological impact of Addison’s disease as patients may experience anxiety and depression owing to the chronic nature of the condition. Regular follow-ups and a supportive care approach can help address these concerns, ensuring patients receive holistic care for coexisting conditions.

As Addison’s disease remains under-recognized, enhanced awareness and education among healthcare professionals are imperative for improving outcomes for affected patients. Increased vigilance in screening, diagnosis, and management can significantly change the prognosis for individuals with this serious condition.

Reference: Harvard Health Publishing. Addison’s disease: Overview of an uncommon but serious condition. Available at: https://www.health.harvard.edu/diseases-and-conditions/addisons-disease-overview-of-an-uncommon-but-serious-condition. 2024. Last accessed October 11, 2024.

Anaya Malik | AMJ