Gadolinium-based contrast agents are widely used for MRI. Although they may be considered well-tolerated at recommended dosing levels, recent evidence supports the deposition of free gadolinium in the tissues and its slow release into circulation, resulting in long-term toxicity, which is aggravated in renal patients.

Kenar D. Jhaveri | Professor of Medicine and Associate Chief in the Division of Kidney Diseases and Hypertension, Hofstra/Northwell School of Medicine, Hempstead, New York, USA

The authors revisited the phenomenon of asymptomatic patients despite very low pulse oximetry readings, the so-called ‘sweet hypoxia’, ‘happy hypoxia’, or ‘silent hypoxaemia’.

The use of BVM dates back to the early 1990s when CRIT-LINE® technology (Fresenius Medical Care, Bad Homburg, Germany) was first used as a non-invasive method of measuring haematocrit changes during haemodialysis, in real time, by connection of an additional monitor to the dialysis arterial line set-up.

Imlifidase was granted a conditional marketing authorisation by the European Commission in August 2020 for “desensitisation treatment of highly sensitised adult kidney transplant patients with positive crossmatch against an available deceased donor.”36 This milestone launched a new era in kidney transplantation for selected patients who would previously have remained untreated.

THE ‘Innovations in Haemodialysis’ session of this year’s European Renal Association –European Dialysis and Transplant Association (ERA-EDTA) Virtual Congress 2021 focused on discussing important inclusions to the design and development of new haemodialysis (HD) therapies.

Trace elements are ubiquitous entities and a fair number of non-essential xenobiotics gain entry into the body via a multitude of ways, including through groundwater (arsenic, strontium, silicon), inhalation of silica dust (silicon), gasoline (lead), cigarette smoke, and soil (cadmium) and food contamination (arsenic, mercury).

One of the highlights of this year’s European Renal Association-European Dialysis and Transplant Association (ERA-EDTA) congress, was the session on future scenarios for renal disease.

Interview with Robert John Unwin | Professor Emeritus of Nephrology, former Professor of Nephrology and Physiology, University College London, UK; Scientific Advisory Board member of ERA-EDTA

Spontaneous renal artery dissection (SRAD) is a rare and often unrecognised clinical entity, which accounts for 1–2% of all arterial dissections. It can be the result of several underlying diseases, such as atherosclerosis, malignant hypertension, fibromuscular dysplasia, and connective tissue disorders.