Abstracts

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pandemic has already infected millions of people worldwide, with 5–10% of cases leading to severe pneumonia. Although the majority improve over time, some patients may progress to post-COVID-19 interstitial lung disease.

Anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy (AION) is the most common acute optic neuropathy in older patients. Its annual incidence is 2.3–10.2 cases per 100,000 persons over 50 years.

Endoleak is the drawback of endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR), and is defined as the continued blood flow inside the remnant abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) sac despite stent-graft deployment.

Contrast-enhanced spectral mammography (CESM) is an emerging diagnostic imaging technique with a high breast cancer detection rate but limited diagnostic specificity. Published studies have proven that CESM has similar accuracy to MRI for the detection of breast cancer, and can also give information about lesion vascularity and dynamics.

The following highlights cover several innovative and thought-provoking abstracts from the 38th Annual Meeting of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE), featuring topics such as artificial intelligence in fertility treatments, a potential biomarker for endometriosis, and the use of testosterone therapy in in vitro fertilisation.

Imparting the required psychomotor skills for trainees to become proficient in percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) and retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) is tricky for surgical educators due to the challenging nature of the procedures and the lack of realistic simulators.

The following highlights cover several innovative and thought-provoking abstracts from the 37th European Association of Urology (EAU) featuring topics such as intravesical treatment in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer, artificial intelligence in recurrent urinary tract infections, and genetic risk in benign prostatic hyperplasia.

The human microbiome incorporates bacteria, archaea, fungi, viruses, and bacteriophages (phages). Phages play a remarkable role concurrently as microbiome-regulating mediators and immune factors. This discovery enhances the proposition of a correlation between the reduction of their presence and the exacerbation of symptoms in patients with allergies or asthma.