A RECENT study has found that children with sickle cell disease (SCD) are at an increased risk of ADHD, with many cases going undiagnosed. The research, which involved systematic screening of 107 children with SCD aged 7-11 years, revealed that 26% of participants displayed elevated inattentive symptoms, and 13% met the diagnostic criteria for ADHD. Notably, 75% of the children diagnosed with ADHD had not been previously identified through routine care.
The study aimed to assess the prevalence of ADHD in children with SCD and identify potential risk factors associated with the condition. Caregivers completed routine psychosocial screenings, which included assessments of inattentive symptoms, and follow-up diagnostic procedures were conducted for those with elevated symptoms to confirm ADHD diagnoses.
The study found no direct correlation between the severity of SCD and the presence of inattentive symptoms or ADHD diagnoses. However, a measure of chronic inflammation was associated with ADHD, suggesting a potential link between the body’s inflammatory response and attention deficits in children with SCD. Additionally, family functioning was related to elevated inattentive symptoms but did not predict ADHD diagnoses, highlighting the importance of the home environment in managing symptoms.
These findings show a high prevalence of ADHD among children with SCD and the need for improved screening and diagnostic practices within haematology care. Routine screening for ADHD as part of SCD management could help identify undiagnosed cases and facilitate early intervention, ultimately improving outcomes for these children.
The study authors stress the importance of incorporating ADHD screening into routine care for children with SCD, as early detection, and intervention can significantly impact their overall well-being and academic performance.
Aleksandra Zurowska, EMJ
Reference
Bills SE et al. Comorbid ADHD and Pediatric Sickle Cell Disease: Prevalence and Risk Factors. J Clin Psychol Med Settings. 2024; DOI:10.1007/s10880-024-10027-3.
