IN a groundbreaking study, researchers have revealed significant advancements in haematopoietic cell transplants (HCT) across diverse racial and ethnic populations. While overall survival rates have improved, a stark disparity persists, particularly among African American patients.
The study, led by Nandita Khera, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona, USA, analysed data from the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research (CIBMTR), spanning a decade and involving over 145,000 transplants. Results showed a notable increase in HCT procedures among all racial and ethnic groups, with faster growth rates observed among African American and Hispanic individuals.
HCT, encompassing both autologous and allogeneic procedures, serves as a vital treatment for various blood cancers. Despite advancements, survival rates for African American patients lag behind, with non-Hispanic African American adults and children facing 13% and 62% higher risks of death, respectively, compared to their non-Hispanic White counterparts.
Khera emphasised the need for qualitative studies to explore the impact of social determinants of health on outcomes, pointing to systemic factors contributing to these disparities. However, there is a glimmer of progress as survival outcomes for Hispanic patients now align with those of non-Hispanic White individuals.
The study underscores the importance of continued investments in research, training, and community engagement to address access and outcome discrepancies in HCT. Theresa Hahn, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, USA, highlighted ongoing efforts to estimate the true demand for transplants and improve accessibility.
Khera emphasised societal initiatives like the ACCESS initiative, a collaboration between the American Society of Transplantation and Cellular Therapy (ASTCT) and the National Bone Marrow Donor Program (NMDP), aimed at expanding access to HCT and enhancing outcomes for all patients. As awareness grows and collaborative efforts intensify, there is hope for a future where advancements in medical technologies benefit every individual equitably.
Reference
Khera N et al. Trends in volumes and survival after hematopoietic cell transplantation in racial/ethnic minorities. Blood Adv. 2024;DOI:10.1182/bloodadvances.2023012469.
