A RECENT review has brought to light the growing concern over climate change and its influence on allergic rhinitis (AR), a common inflammatory upper airway condition. Synthesising evidence from 30 studies published between 2000–2023, the review outlines how rising global temperatures and changing environmental conditions are impacting both the prevalence and severity of AR in adult and paediatric populations worldwide.
Notably, over half of the studies identified a direct link between climate change and extended pollen seasons or elevated pollen concentrations. In North America, projections suggest pollen emissions could rise by 16–40%, with pollen seasons lengthening by up to 19 days. These changes are likely to exacerbate the burden of AR, increasing the frequency and intensity of symptoms, particularly in sensitive individuals.
Beyond symptom severity, several studies reported a rise in healthcare utilisation related to AR, disproportionately affecting low-income populations who may already face barriers to accessing care. This finding underscores the role of climate change in widening existing health inequities. Despite the recognised impact, only two studies addressed the preparedness of healthcare professionals, revealing a clear interest among clinicians in receiving further education on climate-related health effects.
The review’s findings suggest that AR is a valuable sentinel condition for assessing the health impacts of climate change. As environmental changes continue to reshape pollen patterns and allergen exposure, the healthcare system must adapt accordingly. This includes not only clinical management but also policy development and professional education. The authors highlight the need for otolaryngologists and other specialists to be equipped with up-to-date knowledge on climate-sensitive conditions such as AR, to provide effective care and advocate for broader environmental health strategies. The evolving epidemiology of AR serves as a reminder that climate change is not only an environmental issue, but also a pressing and complex public health challenge.
Reference
Pershad AR et al. How climate change is impacting allergic rhinitis: a scoping review. Laryngoscope. 2025;DOI:10.1002/lary.32124.
