A RECENT study has revealed a concerning trend among women in Côte d’Ivoire: those who experienced their first menstruation before the age of 15 are significantly less likely to utilise clinical breast examination (CBE) services, despite being at a higher risk for breast cancer. Published in Reproductive Health, the research highlights the urgent need to address gaps in breast cancer awareness and screening utilisation.
Using data from the 2021 Côte d’Ivoire Demographic and Health Survey, researchers analysed responses from 14,685 women to explore the association between age at first menstruation and CBE utilisation. The findings showed that only 17.4% of women reported undergoing a CBE. Women who experienced early menarche were 11% less likely to utilise these services compared to those who began menstruating at a later age (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.89).
The study also identified several factors influencing CBE utilisation. Education played a pivotal role, with women possessing primary, secondary, or higher education significantly more likely to access screening compared to those with no formal education. Wealth and age were additional factors, as women from wealthier households and older age groups demonstrated higher screening rates. Conversely, rural residence was associated with lower odds of CBE utilisation, further underscoring the disparities in healthcare access.
The researchers emphasised that, despite established evidence linking early menarche to increased breast cancer risk, women with this risk factor are not prioritising screening. They called on Côte d’Ivoire’s Ministry of Health to intensify breast cancer awareness campaigns, particularly targeting women with a history of early menstruation. These campaigns should focus on educating women about the risks associated with early menarche and the importance of regular breast cancer screening.
Reference
Okyere J et al. Age at first menstruation and clinical breast cancer screening utilization: insights from the 2021 Côte d’Ivoire demographic and health survey. Reprod Health. 2024;DOI: 10.1186/s12978-024-01915-w.
