A NOMOGRAM model integrating O-RADS ultrasound findings, clinical data, and laboratory indicators has been shown to effectively predict the malignancy risk of ovarian masses, according to research.
This new model demonstrated strong predictive performance, particularly for adnexal cystic-solid masses, and aims to reduce missed or incorrect diagnoses. “It positions itself as a potentially significant tool for personalised diagnosis of ovarian adnexal masses,” the researchers noted.
Diagnosing ovarian cancer early remains a challenge, as most women show no symptoms in its initial stages. While O-RADS ultrasound is the standard tool for detecting these masses, it has limitations in specificity and accuracy, occasionally misclassifying benign masses as malignant.
The team created the nomogram by analysing data from 399 women between 2021 and 2023, whose adnexal masses were confirmed via pathology. Using LASSO regression analysis, the team identified five key predictors of malignancy: O-RADS, acoustic shadowing, postmenopausal status, CA125, and HE4.
The model was rigorously validated, achieving an area under the curve (AUC) score of 0.909, with 83.3% sensitivity, 82.9% specificity, and 83% accuracy. In comparison, O-RADS alone achieved an AUC of 0.82, with higher sensitivity (93.1%) but lower specificity (64.2%).
Calibration and decision curve analyses confirmed the model’s reliability and clinical usefulness. “Clinicians can input patient parameters into the nomogram to calculate a score. If it exceeds 145 points, further diagnostic steps are recommended due to higher malignancy risk,” the authors explained.
The researchers emphasised that this intuitive tool allows for personalised clinical decision-making, enabling more accurate risk assessment and tailored treatment plans. However, they also stressed the need for larger-scale studies to validate its broader applicability.
This breakthrough model offers hope for improved early detection and management of ovarian cancer, a condition where early intervention is critical for better outcomes.
Reference
Jin C et al. The predictive value of nomogram for adnexal cystic-solid masses based on O-RADS US, clinical and laboratory indicators. BMC Med Imaging. 2024;24(1):315.
